The Antwerp Smerle pigeon, a breed with a rich history and distinctive appearance, has captivated pigeon enthusiasts for centuries. Originating from Belgium, particularly the region of Antwerp, this breed has undergone significant development through selective breeding. Known for its unique flying style and physical characteristics, the Antwerp Smerle pigeon is a testament to the intricate art of pigeon breeding and the deep bond between these birds and their human caretakers.
History and Origin
The Antwerp Smerle pigeon’s roots can be traced back to Belgium, where it was first developed. Historical records suggest that the breed emerged in the latter half of the 19th century in the Antwerp region. Initially, the breed was a result of crossing between the Turbit and the Owl pigeon breeds, leading to the creation of the Antwerp Smerle, which was then enhanced for exhibition purposes in Germany.
The breed gained popularity in England in the 1920s after being showcased at a Belgian exhibition. English breeders, however, were not entirely pleased with the head shape, which resembled that of its wild relatives. To improve the head and beak, the Turbit pigeon was cross-bred with the Smerle pigeon, leading to the formation of the British Antwerp Smerle Club in 1932.
Physical Characteristics
The Antwerp Smerle pigeon is known for its stocky build and somewhat upright body position, which is characteristic of owl pigeon types. It has a round head, dark eyes, and a body appearance similar to the Aachen Lacquer Shield Owl pigeon. One of the most notable features of the Antwerp Smerle is the jabot, or tie-shaped feathers, that grow down the front of the neck. However, not all birds exhibit this frill.
Key Data Table
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Size | Medium, with hens weighing around 10.05 ounces and cocks around 11.25 ounces. |
| Beak | Short and broad, enlarged at the base, with clearly visible mouth lines. |
| Coloration | Typically white body, head, tail, and legs, with wing colors varying from cream, blue, yellow, silver, red, or black. |
| Temperament | Generally quiet, calm, and sociable; enjoys human interaction. |
| Diet | Varied diet of seeds, grains, fresh vegetables, and fruits; requires clean and fresh water daily. |
Behavior and Temperament
The Antwerp Smerle pigeon is known for its quiet and calm demeanor. It is a sociable bird that enjoys the company of other pigeons and human interaction. When tamed from a young age, the Antwerp Smerle can become quite domesticated, showing a higher level of intelligence compared to other pigeon breeds. Some individuals have been observed recognizing themselves in mirrors, a trait not commonly found in other bird species.
Care and Maintenance
Caring for Antwerp Smerle pigeons involves providing them with a balanced diet, spacious and well-ventilated housing, and regular health check-ups. Their diet should consist of a variety of seeds and grains, supplemented with fresh vegetables and fruits. Clean and fresh water should be available at all times. The housing should be secure, protecting the birds from predators and harsh weather conditions.
Breeding
Breeding Antwerp Smerle pigeons requires attention to detail and a commitment to maintaining the breed’s characteristics. A dry coop that protects the birds from all weather conditions is essential. Breeders should know how to distinguish males from females to facilitate mating. Nesting materials should be safe and suitable for pigeons, and the breeding area must be protected from predators.
Interesting Facts
- The Antwerp Smerle pigeon is classified as a fancy pigeon, highly domesticated, and known for its above-average intelligence.
- The breed’s distinctive flying style, known as “tumbling,” adds to its appeal and sets it apart from other pigeon breeds.
- The Antwerp Smerle pigeon has a long-standing bond with humans and has been a part of many cultures worldwide as a beloved pet.
